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AMCHS Latin

WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE

Picture

WHAT IT'S USED FOR

Indirect Objects 
The dative case is most often used to express an indirect object in a sentence. An indirect object is a noun that receives the direct object of a sentence. For example, look at this sentence: “The teacher gave a test to her students.” In this sentence, the subject is the teacher, and the direct object is the test. The indirect object is the students, because they are receiving the direct object. The indirect object is almost always preceded by “to” or “for” in English.

Examples:
The young man gave money to the slave.     The slave-girl prepared dinner for the friends.      I am writing a letter to the merchants. 


iuvenis servō pecuniam dedit.                          ancilla amicis cenam paravit.                                     epistulam scribo mercatoribus.  


Gerundives of Obligation
This is a special form of verb that expresses a need to accomplish that task; the subject of that gerundive is in the dative rather than the nominative. 

Examples:       
The woman must go to the bathroom.         The slaves must work in the fields.                  The merchants must sell the wine.

 feminae latrinam adeundum est.                   servis in agris laborandum est.                        mercatoribus vinum vendendum est.


Special Verbs
Certain verbs require their nouns to be in the dative case instead of the nominative or accusative. These don’t usually have a “to” or “for” in the English translation – the difference is only there in the Latin, not in the English. There are a decent number of these verbs, and some of them show up fairly often, so it's good to be familiar with which verbs require this. Beneath the examples below, you'll find a list of some of the most common verbs that require the dative case.

Examples:       
I believe in magic.         Hulk is angry at Black Widow.                I ordered the soldiers to go away. 

credo magiae.                Hulcus irascitur Nigrae Viduae.              imperavī militibus ut abirent.

Verbs that Take the Dative Case:
crēdō, -ere, crēdidī, -itus                          to believe
fīdō, -ere, -, fīsus                                         to trust
diffīdō, -ere, -, diffīsus                               to distrust
faveō, -ēre, fāvī, fautus                               to favor

placeō, -ēre, placuī, placitus                     to please
displiceō, -ēre, displicuī, displitus          to displease

studeō, -ēre, studuī                                      to be eager, desire
invideō, -ēre, invīdī, invīsus                     to envy

imperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus                              to command, order
suādeō, -ēre, suāsī, suāsus                           to exhort, recommend, persuade
pāreō, -ēre, pāruī                                           to obey
cēdō, -ere, cessī, cessus                                to yield
serviō, -īre, servīvī, servītus                       to serve
resistō, -ere, restitī                                         to resist
respondeō, -ēre, respondī, respōnsus      to answer

īrāscor, īrāscī, īrātus sum                            to be angry at
minor, minārī, minātus sum                     to threaten
noceō, -ēre, nocuī, nocitus                          to harm

parcō, -ere, pepercī, parsus                         to spare
īgnōscō, -ere, īgnōvī, īgnōtus                        to pardon
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  • Home
  • Language
    • Words >
      • Nouns >
        • Nominative and Vocative Case
        • Genitive Case
        • Accusative Case
        • Dative Case
        • Ablative Case
        • Irregular Nouns
      • Verbs >
        • Tenses >
          • Present Tense
          • Perfect Tense
          • Imperfect Tense
          • Pluperfect Tense
          • Future Tense
        • Infinitives
        • Active, Passive, and Deponent Verbs
        • Subjunctive Mood
        • Imperative Mood
        • "Be" and Other Irregular Verbs
      • Other Basic Word Types >
        • Adjectives >
          • 1st and 2nd Declension
          • 3rd Declension
        • Adverbs
        • Prepositions
    • Phrases, Clauses, and Sentences >
      • Indirect Discourse >
        • Indirect Commands
        • Indirect Statements
        • Indirect Questions
      • Relative Clauses
      • Purpose Clauses
      • Result Clauses
      • Conditional Sentences
    • Literature and Literary Devices >
      • Poetic Meter
  • History
    • Origins of Rome
    • Kingdom
    • Republic
    • Empire
    • Crisis and Fall
  • Culture
  • Latin Club
  • Contact