A result clause is a sentence structure where there is so much or so little of something that it causes something else to happen. For example:
Modestus was so handsome that few girls could resist him.
Modestus erat adeo pulcher ut paucae puellae ei resistere possent.
I ate so much cheese that I felt sick.
tantum caseum consumpsi ut aeger sentirem.
There were so many Roman soldiers that the Bithynians fled.
tot milites Romani erant ut Bithynii fugerent.
There are three main parts to a sentence containing a result clause:
1. The "so much" word.
This can be a lot of different things: "so much, so many, so great, so big, so handsome, so fat, so ugly, so long, so short, so happy..." the list goes on and on. Key Latin words to look for are tantum, tot, adeo, ita, talis, and other similar words.
2. "ut."
Like with other "ut" clauses, this word is the connector between the result clause and the rest of the sentence. It usually gets translated as "that" in this situation, like in the sentence "I ate so much cheese that I felt sick."
3. A subjunctive verb.
The main verb of the sentence is still indicative, but the verb contained inside the result clause needs to be subjunctive. Usually, sentences that happened in the past will use an imperfect subjunctive here ("I ate so much cheese that I felt sick" = "tantum caseum consumpsi ut aeger sentirem"), while sentences taking place now will use the present subjunctive ("I am eating so much cheese that I feel sick" = "tantum caseum consumo ut aeger sentiam").
Modestus was so handsome that few girls could resist him.
Modestus erat adeo pulcher ut paucae puellae ei resistere possent.
I ate so much cheese that I felt sick.
tantum caseum consumpsi ut aeger sentirem.
There were so many Roman soldiers that the Bithynians fled.
tot milites Romani erant ut Bithynii fugerent.
There are three main parts to a sentence containing a result clause:
1. The "so much" word.
This can be a lot of different things: "so much, so many, so great, so big, so handsome, so fat, so ugly, so long, so short, so happy..." the list goes on and on. Key Latin words to look for are tantum, tot, adeo, ita, talis, and other similar words.
2. "ut."
Like with other "ut" clauses, this word is the connector between the result clause and the rest of the sentence. It usually gets translated as "that" in this situation, like in the sentence "I ate so much cheese that I felt sick."
3. A subjunctive verb.
The main verb of the sentence is still indicative, but the verb contained inside the result clause needs to be subjunctive. Usually, sentences that happened in the past will use an imperfect subjunctive here ("I ate so much cheese that I felt sick" = "tantum caseum consumpsi ut aeger sentirem"), while sentences taking place now will use the present subjunctive ("I am eating so much cheese that I feel sick" = "tantum caseum consumo ut aeger sentiam").
